Biorąc pod uwagę sekwencję 625 32-bitowych liczb całkowitych bez znaku (to jest w zakresie [0, 2**32)), wyprowadza, który z następujących generatorów liczb pseudolosowych wygenerował sekwencję:
W szczególności implementacje C tych trzech generatorów używanych do tego wyzwania są następujące:
#include <stdint.h>
/* all code adapted from the sample implementations on the following Wikipedia pages:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_congruential_generator
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xorshift
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mersenne_Twister
*/
uint32_t lcg_seed;
uint32_t xor_x, xor_y, xor_z, xor_w;
void lcg_srand(uint32_t seed) {
lcg_seed = seed;
}
uint32_t lcg(void) {
lcg_seed = ((uint64_t) lcg_seed * 1103515245 + 12345) & ( (uint64_t) 0xFFFFFFFF );
return (uint32_t) lcg_seed;
}
void xorshift128_srand(uint32_t x, uint32_t y, uint32_t z, uint32_t w) {
xor_x = x;
xor_y = y;
xor_z = z;
xor_w = w;
}
uint32_t xorshift128(void) {
uint32_t t = xor_x;
t ^= t << 11;
t ^= t >> 8;
xor_x = xor_y; xor_y = xor_z; xor_z = xor_w;
xor_w ^= xor_w >> 19;
xor_w ^= t;
return xor_w;
}
enum {
// Assumes W = 32 (omitting this)
N = 624,
M = 397,
R = 31,
A = 0x9908B0DF,
F = 1812433253,
U = 11,
// Assumes D = 0xFFFFFFFF (omitting this)
S = 7,
B = 0x9D2C5680,
T = 15,
C = 0xEFC60000,
L = 18,
MASK_LOWER = (1ull << R) - 1,
MASK_UPPER = (1ull << R)
};
static uint32_t mt[N];
static uint16_t index;
// Re-init with a given seed
void mt_Initialize(const uint32_t seed) {
uint32_t i;
mt[0] = seed;
for ( i = 1; i < N; i++ ) {
mt[i] = (F * (mt[i - 1] ^ (mt[i - 1] >> 30)) + i);
}
index = N;
}
static void mt_Twist() {
uint32_t i, x, xA;
for ( i = 0; i < N; i++ ) {
x = (mt[i] & MASK_UPPER) + (mt[(i + 1) % N] & MASK_LOWER);
xA = x >> 1;
if ( x & 0x1 )
xA ^= A;
mt[i] = mt[(i + M) % N] ^ xA;
}
index = 0;
}
// Obtain a 32-bit random number
uint32_t mt_ExtractU32() {
uint32_t y;
int i = index;
if ( index >= N ) {
mt_Twist();
i = index;
}
y = mt[i];
index = i + 1;
y ^= (mt[i] >> U);
y ^= (y << S) & B;
y ^= (y << T) & C;
y ^= (y >> L);
return y;
}Zasady
- Dane wejściowe i wyjściowe mogą być w dowolnym jednoznacznym, spójnym formacie. Jeśli nie masz pewności, czy format będzie dozwolony, możesz zapytać.
- Gwarantujemy, że wszystkie wejścia odpowiadają dokładnie jednemu wyjściu PRNG (nigdy nie będzie przypadku, gdy sekwencja wejściowa nie będzie pasować do żadnego wyjścia PRNG lub więcej niż jednego).
Przypadki testowe
Ze względu na ograniczenia długości postów uwzględniono tylko 3 przypadki testowe. Większa lista przypadków testowych znajduje się tutaj . Pamiętaj, że wartości są podawane w systemie szesnastkowym.
[CEE63876, DE7E2E77, 54EC3AE4, 92DEBB4D, D0756602, EE9D3B13, 04A42150, 0FE8BF49, 2BD7E04E, BB96756F, B9B2027C, B5750705, 9DD5B35A, E23EF98B, D15ACA68, C1C40E81, 35ABAB26, 2DA1A367, 36462514, 3CA211BD, E79753B2, A49B0F03, B3EA7E80, 64630CB9, BC22F8FE, D535985F, 14B902AC, EE9EBB75, A831A70A, 79C55B7B, F7099D98, 98AC99F1, D9CB29D6, 53C43457, 04C6FB44, 43DFE42D, 05A80D62, D86DBEF3, F9DA87B0, 99839629, 017D9DAE, 0B1B574F, A5586EDC, F2966BE5, B709E6BA, A160196B, D16B9CC8, FF46E161, 3BDFB486, 4CE4E147, BE01BD74, 6A2F329D, 99F29312, C7044AE3, 9A373CE0, 73515B99, 94E2CE5E, FA26B23F, 2883470C, 3ED31855, 7809726A, 64DE335B, 79A3C7F8, 5379E4D1, B9444B36, 92C2AA37, 6A496BA4, 84E6FD0D, FC81E4C2, 470DB2D3, 4F839E10, 45935D09, C40D8B0E, B4F6A92F, FDEC8B3C, 1C8BC0C5, D99B4A1A, E1CEA94B, 17951F28, BAECA441, 3C13EDE6, 0CDC8F27, 4CB105D4, ED1E437D, 1E210272, B8F8F6C3, FB02AB40, 63D09A79, 4178D3BE, B3EA3C1F, 58073B6C, 10B76535, BAEA6DCA, 37807B3B, 11E2A258, 93061FB1, EB299C96, 00719017, 130B8C04, EFAC05ED, 385AEC22, F6F516B3, D4B76470, 915013E9, D45FA86E, C5206B0F, 6C06579C, 4C0D05A5, 9BE1DD7A, 7702A92B, 3DEF5188, E0ED5721, DA205746, 0080AD07, 05EBFE34, 3D27445D, 7D7AA1D2, 44F112A3, 9B64C9A0, 7118C959, 08BD091E, FC7835FF, A1DCDFCC, 1B03A215, 4D2C992A, 9324331B, 0FDE2CB8, C1894A91, B9531DF6, DDC8E5F7, 38A55C64, 59E6FECD, C88B2382, 409BEA93, C48DDAD0, F5F1BAC9, DF4BF5CE, A3909CEF, C43DD3FC, 55D23A85, A035A0DA, 5074190B, CA9233E8, D980FA01, 85DCF0A6, 96C93AE7, B94AA694, 0E02353D, 4D577132, D1649E83, AC759800, D261E839, 7D876E7E, 29C89FDF, 309C342C, D06FCEF5, 1727F48A, 35415AFB, AFAE6718, C53B6571, 3998CF56, 47C0ABD7, C0AEDCC4, D54FE7AD, 486A8AE2, 187A2E73, C61F0130, E8B051A9, DDAA732E, 143F3ECF, 072B005C, CA935F65, 94EE943A, 799AF8EB, 2F95C648, 88DF8CE1, 7B21BA06, 1AAE38C7, E264FEF4, 4F67161D, AF0F7092, 60CB9A63, CB4D1660, BAE3F719, 7EB003DE, EDD379BF, 5ADD388C, 5FB3EBD5, 0D347FEA, F74FF2DB, 196B5178, 00547051, 4DD2B0B6, 3750E1B7, 3CC00D24, AF9EC08D, DF512242, 0F07E253, EC82D790, DAC3D889, 1453208E, 372450AF, 6165DCBC, F7087445, 3464B79A, 19EF48CB, CB1208A8, 4F410FC1, C1C6B366, B327A6A7, A8D30754, 2D0DE6FD, 4FFA9FF2, 919E0643, 010344C0, 59D6F5F9, 370EC93E, 5690C39F, A337ECEC, B387F8B5, 2FAA3B4A, CEC7FABB, 612CEBD8, 510C6B31, A3D8C216, 81718797, EA70ED84, 728B896D, 4096E9A2, 50BD0633, B6D15DF0, 39644F69, 141DFDEE, 8837D28F, 2B86691C, E3E97925, 44F00AFA, 74E908AB, E71EFB08, 08DD82A1, 2DA3DCC6, 632D8487, E02CBFB4, 0EAEA7DD, 6970FF52, 9E53E223, C2B02320, DA72E4D9, 1D7BBE9E, CDF87D7F, B844514C, 72A3F595, 8AE126AA, CD21729B, 870B3638, 119B5611, B5830376, D71A9D77, B3597DE4, E3CE424D, AB93E102, A6119A13, 10229450, 6DC9B649, B9E30B4E, DF71C46F, EA24A57C, 55EE6E05, 98E88E5A, EA00388B, B9D49D68, 0DECE581, 5E913626, 09B7D267, 080A2814, 980158BD, C0CA8EB2, 5D652E03, F16BB180, 63EFC3B9, F4CEE3FE, 1A02A75F, 749A65AC, FFBFE275, 3731420A, 1FD45A7B, 771E3098, 183930F1, C8A974D6, C5442357, 2D11BE44, 051EEB2D, EBA00862, 737D9DF3, 4F8E7AB0, DD2C0D29, 2E7A48AE, 70CA264F, 4DD891DC, CDCF52E5, 0EA641BA, F4ACD86B, 654AEFC8, 32A73861, C066BF86, 61BE9047, 4C034074, A8BDF99D, A75F4E12, 4149E9E3, DA4DEFE0, 19859299, CBE0395E, 5CA7413F, DED22A0C, 7993BF55, 58F28D6A, 1058B25B, 097DDAF8, B71DFBD1, EF241636, B4E61937, 9931AEA4, 1435840D, 58135FC2, B97911D3, 382D1110, E8C35409, E6BBB60E, CC38F82F, 333A2E3C, 884427C5, 9081251A, 2C66E84B, F799F228, C7447B41, 8AFC78E6, 0239BE27, 83B008D4, 5C9C8A7D, FA873D72, 587A15C3, 366EDE40, 1A6C5179, FD87BEBE, 13DE4B1F, 29839E6C, BAD78C35, 207D08CA, 04267A3B, 02423558, BC81B6B1, 06CAE796, EAF87F17, E5514F04, 8ACA0CED, D445E722, 147BF5B3, F9165770, EDC78AE9, A37F536E, DDB63A0F, A2E17A9C, 7E04ECA5, 14D1387A, 44A6682B, 6AD9A488, 97FCAE21, C22A6246, 5E215C07, 32A88134, 0B550B5D, 239A5CD2, 4D6DB1A3, 2AE67CA0, 81DC0059, 309D741E, 199FC4FF, B346C2CC, 5A434915, CA28B42A, 7CB5B21B, 11833FB8, 729C6191, B975E8F6, 887354F7, AB089F64, 1E9485CD, CF8F9E82, BCFE4993, 2D624DD0, 4570B1C9, 719D20CE, ED39EBEF, D16676FC, 63C9A185, 9DEE7BDA, 0CE3580B, A52206E8, ED07D101, 35C87BA6, C46D69E7, 8884A994, 489F7C3D, 17F0AC32, 669CBD83, 48CCCB00, 670C9F39, 57F9597E, A3E3AEDF, 06B3972C, AA8EF5F5, 9E4D8F8A, 177E59FB, D358FA18, 9FA5FC71, 7CFD1A56, 8A4E9AD7, 2FEF9FC4, C14CEEAD, 454885E2, 87780D73, DC28F430, 44F6C8A9, A9ED1E2E, 9EBC0DCF, 1F61235C, AA4A4665, 3A30EF3A, 7095B7EB, 788B1948, 8A9DE3E1, 81AEC506, 6015E7C7, 60DC81F4, E433DD1D, 58E22B92, 867F3963, 8D39C960, DD362E19, B2736EDE, 44A208BF, DA621B8C, BA7292D5, F1439AEA, 8DF871DB, CFDB6478, 85D68751, 93387BB6, C98250B7, 659E5024, A0AB478D, BCC89D42, E4614153, 78824A90, 3D91CF89, F1474B8E, F2349FAF, 19697FBC, 7E3EDB45, 03F0929A, 773587CB, A32CDBA8, B0F6E6C1, 0DB53E66, 3812D5A7, 43480A54, E9CA2DFD, F3C6DAF2, 2B8D2543, 614577C0, F390ACF9, CAE3B43E, E9D2D29F, 10EA4FEC, 54A61FB5, 2362D64A, B59BF9BB, 7B227ED8, E3660231, 0A000D16, FB067697, E9ACB084, 2667906D, 4967E4A2, E031E533, E18650F0, 7C79C669, 3883A8EE, 439BA18F, 78178C1C, C85F6025, 218565FA, 443AC7AB, CF1F4E08, 1C4AD9A1, 0DB3E7C6, 2F5C3387, 635F42B4, A11A6EDD, 81F6BA52, 703E8123, 9A07D620, B5541BD9, 7822299E, DD6E0C7F, B8E4344C, FFE19C95, A10341AA, 7FE0F19B, 35464938, F28C6D11, BB2BCE76, AFD30C77, 05B2C0E4, F839C94D, 8A7E5C02, 2361F913, 624D0750, 4AE6AD49, BC7A364E, 4AE9136F, 2003487C, 2D63D505, C547695A, 171D778B, 927A7068, 04D1BC81, 8182C126, 04EA0167, A0BA2B14, 8DDC9FBD, 28C9C9B2, 0B0B4D03, 7898E480, 29B87AB9, DD06CEFE, C56BB65F, 0CE7C8AC, FEDD0975, E27CDD0A, FA3F597B, 4A5EC398, 6981C7F1, 4C93BFD6, 54E01257, AF488144, F7D9F22D, AB640362, F2697CF3, B1EE6DB0, EE108429, 0602F3AE, 1C14F54F, 21C4B4DC, 0E0439E5, 2D8E9CBA, 4B55976B, 6F5642C8, 1EC38F61, 34F9CA86, 53B43F47, 86F0C374, 6FC8C09D, 99980912, 4E6B88E3, AA10A2E0, 53F5C999, 6869A45E, A3C3D03F, 738D0D0C, 50506655, 6C27A86A, 4E2F315B, F283EDF8, 7A7E12D1, 300FE136, 33258837, 8805F1A4, 43000B0D, 6370DAC2, 2DC070D3, F3828410, A72F4B09, E9F5E10E, 2717472F, B9F3D13C, 86F88EC5, A4B3001A, 585B274B, D3CAC528, 9A585241, BFF103E6, 92B2ED27, 4D9B0BD4, 4296D17D, 11B97872, 28D734C3, 47871140, 33440879, D522A9BE, D66E5A1F, 7F6C016C, AEF3B335, CE5BA3CA, C128793B, 51CDC858, D3B94DB1, A3783296, 6F9B6E17, DD831204, 336413ED, F5FCE222, 51DED4B3, B6214A70, B37B01E9, 892AFE6E, 37E8090F, 51289D9C, 70F8D3A5, 810C937A, D1A6272B, 19EFF788, 23C80521, 86406D46] -> LCG
[7D17504D, 9FED269B, 939C3D03, C8FCFA6C, 0FAE4E06, F9816896, 8B872680, A4878206, D92436EE, 2B133084, 9912A040, 011D96D6, F976435D, 4B53DBE7, 474F626D, AA09E774, E12E35C3, 347746E2, 0817160B, EDC0623A, 7DD0D26C, F31ECB62, 43093C44, AD3657AD, 568EB3D5, 53CE27BD, 592FDA9C, 46BB652B, 65886632, 475956F1, 60859FBC, FD8A3CBA, DB156CCF, 56764782, 1A424A8F, B681CA91, C682BB9A, 222CBE9F, 2A329E67, 925F0CF2, 41D22B48, 064DBDAB, B832DAA3, D26069CB, 023890A4, 69F3D5AD, 473AFDF2, 96C5EAEF, 50BEF523, A7171C24, 3752B059, 8E79B6CE, 29C95DCF, 362092EE, 94523C0B, D7DE2789, B49A3F98, 861F7C07, 83A8BAAB, A56C2738, C06FAAF2, BDED09BC, 7B568148, BFC73CFD, 024229CD, D73760D0, 18A4E7BF, 9E021082, 8D1D4ECE, E1408E5D, DEE614D5, 50EE898B, 37E2D666, D23584A1, 3C9B628E, 181D1647, 396DA2C4, 470339C4, A06BACB8, 503439DC, 041BCA9C, 5A881EC2, A77B7747, 567040AD, 8CE52FD5, 96814E85, EA3CD25D, 3E9D929F, 9BA3891E, 07CA0989, 0B689D17, D9B3FF8F, 5EDF76DE, 090EBACD, 46C11EDE, 00C8DE0E, A504314F, D9A02FF0, 97D9EDF4, D1A769AF, 55ADB49D, 8DAACE77, D544247B, 3F44C56D, 07759744, DC7738AB, 28E4B8A2, 31927F7E, 9AF601BF, FF21C02A, F20D56C4, 50C6AE74, 7A17A62A, 8BC619D2, 13E5C518, 76357C1E, B1D4A204, 0A673565, 3797FC34, EA9FA354, FE4FF881, CDB03630, 454E05EE, 52DC8B10, D3D6FA3A, 9F9B57C6, AACF50AE, 1CFDCAEC, 789EE463, 3DFEA9D1, ED64C4E0, 1F3CD90A, 900E9B72, 58761883, 93FE94A9, 6AF3FB55, 8EC22872, 66988B29, 01A4008F, F4787ABD, 6B665DF8, C905527E, E88493A9, DF1EB196, 86CEBE10, 65BB9A15, A96E54D0, 83D6D26A, 701BC23E, C9C9951A, 12DA9027, 27AA5594, 890E696D, 0CEA5C13, CA77AE01, BF04442E, 45BB17A2, 1BEFD1C2, 6C9F7318, F1276F91, 6CBC7010, 09B8DD84, 9E286818, 54B9C7AB, DB0A01DC, 1491B3C4, C92471E6, 533A73F6, D8B59CAC, 41231BED, AB62F96E, 2B478A37, 5F63230F, 06C6A77D, BAD38742, ADD2B41D, EBEF81F3, D8212EBC, FEEE4B6D, C6A47AF1, 51D39BCF, 80560B87, 0C6F8DC3, E9F90D4D, 2439FE5E, 1403C36D, 647255BB, 45C0AF1D, AEE062F5, A4F2C4EF, 52DB8247, 12237746, BF79483D, 8D9E3681, 03D954CF, 0A498AB5, 7F041361, 0352083E, CAE45BB7, 8CBE7C7C, D37EE991, 40FE1838, A82FCA73, D70D1E96, F31B5787, 4394AE04, 953E8857, 2A78CDC8, 03F6006F, E5F46A9B, 84E93A42, 6813B19A, DB55318F, 9DB338CC, 50453A12, A52FCEE1, D7844A82, D3F57DE6, AA195820, 719AD344, 84BF57AF, FCDD1093, 9C658F70, 3BC26F4B, 45BE45B3, 51F39C1F, E15D875E, C9CD1409, 7EE9435E, B3373BF8, BE5D3DB7, 1F911B29, 2B565836, 21B44E5F, 76537F5B, E18C6AEB, 78820904, FBC776FD, 16836779, 94DA8C70, FC787DC6, 3CC88C2A, 317D9C65, 71842F36, 4E2DFA8D, 36FC86BE, EBBFAAB0, BB12D56E, 9ACAA913, 48D10582, 5E2DCC02, 73B9DB0C, BCF46659, 7CC99950, 4CB40717, F168D436, EEB1A2EC, DE82A573, 32E28D0B, 859C2605, E6595298, 2D3BDA1D, 0B978064, 6F5F231D, 43BE71FC, B0A6A0A4, 07858274, 91540E52, 21D5BC15, A4F39B0B, 8F4E3BC3, BE5992E6, 32E0A42C, 0AF34AB8, F49DF806, 86218AD1, B1D79FFD, 21E1A5F5, 3AA73407, B05A4680, BD7F0F01, 919DDB56, 9299C26E, F095F8FB, B5D7E6EF, CAEFDC68, 9639FDE9, C9349DF5, C3DEFAA2, 7766722D, 2EE91F9D, 435FF480, 77601DA3, 33D3FE78, 55A01A68, E9E71FA8, 9E1D8A32, 329187B7, 67B7A8D7, B67CE1D6, C442A131, 7A502A31, A07BC4BC, F158F334, 20C28F07, DB38288C, A5184973, 93EFCFB7, A761D07A, BD07F052, DA336550, 374C9BD6, 9E077F45, 1C0089B7, 5D587682, 0E99C4D4, ABC16F15, B39406EB, 2DE69A7D, ED994471, 4D802710, 5E30D315, 471C9FDC, 6081E182, 2C75F225, F40524C5, 5744A7E6, 38A6D17D, BBC1E896, 663FD027, 14363091, 1A152653, AE24F8DF, 3602BBD4, 9315B73D, 20813CB2, A9EADA7D, 8A15088F, B487EAAF, 9DCA3421, 620C2CD7, 407F0169, CB26495B, 07810722, 04E8F991, BC24C42C, 45B12E62, 4A0689E1, 0961D541, 93FE75E5, 5FF09BC6, 21C75858, 260B4AFC, 463A4285, 9DCFCF2F, 86D14156, FAF1A7DA, 6E4BFC6B, 8D1EF03A, 81C9CB3E, F67163AA, C7E871AB, BD0DD64C, 72526AE8, 0F433B3B, 8BA27651, 58CE6EDF, B92A4A04, AFA624F9, 372EDFA2, 1CBDF70E, F72CE4F7, 69339707, 28A1864C, DB5701D1, 4BCC4D10, BEB260C1, 9A0502BD, F93FC1A5, D0B2B75F, FD2B71E0, 4F899412, 48BC46AF, 0DF108A8, ABF3DC87, A8D9E4EF, 02FA4665, 87CBBADA, B2E95940, D5702D6E, 056990CB, DFAEE7D6, 2775863A, 733AC4E7, 3A9CED83, 92A42D51, 196B2D69, BCD3CF5F, 61FEDDB3, D283BA78, 92C3C524, B0484914, 27CC09EB, E8532710, 643535DB, 96C7D0A0, D10310C2, A019C655, 6D4FA460, C5A53BB9, 0CE9A6CF, 62ACE269, 72D026F8, 9E44A3E8, DFDAB131, DA60BF09, 2974A55B, 9294187E, 98CD6024, 478A1CC3, CB583714, F93D91E9, 0A0202AA, 1D796B2D, 17931F01, 023476C3, 1839337D, CECF1354, 412B769B, E0089213, 317BF7B4, 8798177C, 9D1D36BA, 3921B700, D70921C7, 906DEFAD, E4B1B3FC, D01C81DD, 4E858500, B16A1BFA, D82D7078, EC0B10C9, 8EC425CD, 6F904A24, DC8D591E, 68B4971E, C7F13D88, 2ADD8E38, 9C2E67D4, 50EE1F28, 1EBD75C0, D8D79461, 37285868, 171F16FA, E2F972AC, 86E9860E, F37765A3, 1C3015F1, 357568C9, FF66419F, B77479AD, 2B776D2F, B5DA7BA8, 787DBE35, 6CD01986, FC5E1F26, 9A3F3C3E, 0F26B55A, E3D68111, EF7D1562, 8CC01A7F, B676E2D8, E1FF230E, E62EEC56, 6AB1010E, 6BD04EA2, 732FF785, E2F2E9EA, 00A93DCB, E9E5C622, E57A9744, 90B28FB8, D9BCBF00, 1EAFA6C3, 2F5ED2E5, 2B9557F9, 17EDA934, 74178CB4, AD07B129, 2CAC11EF, 5672B947, 9EC8ED11, 0ED68918, 42B9C244, 81C2F3D5, 58BB2699, E29FFADF, 6EB8AF2A, F872A573, 797CDB0A, 64289FF8, CF42ADA8, A276D00E, 3D4DEBC1, 1DBA64CF, C74FA53D, D3ADEB7A, 81EC012D, 4FBE91C3, F562B344, 492860A9, A82CE5C8, 13A74987, F3BF2024, F9983BD2, 3655838C, 1F971FB0, 1523A266, 2D5D4DBB, B78EE27F, 104301A1, 187BA15D, DF8C077C, 1FD19BE8, 1797DFBA, D223E55C, 6D2BAF83, FEB67715, 57750D76, 9AB10BC1, AAD6F8A3, E7953C33, 1874830A, 0A896CC6, 17879ED4, 59BD4CB3, E56DF85D, A4C3576A, 8F990C18, 3CF2118C, B6D7A95F, 0811C0E8, 4FAFF43E, E37DF236, E8EB2257, 6E7BA922, 5E45AED7, 52A50B6B, E3ED62F2, 506CF514, 232CDAD8, 59A87385, D1DA70B0, E629FBCA, A39607CD, B9B87C61, BBE5C416, 12BB8F0B, 01004AFE, 7B2165CB, EE71DBCD, 207CD2DF, 23283B94, 53570D07, 33981B13, F5B4DD95, 9722AC2C, 7CF6B4FA, 8F4578F4, DC4E44FC, 5E8FD095, 9717EEDA, 3331A614, 9DF66D2A, BDDD0D79, 95944526, 2B2B5086, 059AF7F4, 507984FB, 67F346A7, 162D85BF, C4DAF5D9, 5818EFE5, A5235C3F, DF593559, CC3E6756, 53C6DEF3, ECBBB210, FA5EA123, C5656DE9, A03102F0, 912B0FD4, 9E73F36B, 7097CF69, 58996509, 91059461, 90ECC581, 5ECEBC72, CDEC2B8F, 70F708CF, 86C10B9D, ADC71A1B, 01DBEC7F, C9A22DFB, 47B14AB1, D233979E, 0C5521B3, D4401837, 196924CC, 57A8CF18, F25524E7, 26001B3A, 761F1472, 67DEC5A6, 3CF7A7A6, 1A08B2C9, 943A897E, 05589DAA, 8413C030, DBD2B481, 9BE3A7FC, 5A97CCE7, 409F95C5, 0EA757EB, 88FDCD84] -> Xorshift
[4BB6DADF, 8EEF8EA3, 06E8FD49, 88A2AF49, E3269CD4, ECA4F09A, 3ADC8EFB, AA4DD059, AC3B1AAE, DA22C244, B67C2EC6, DFD9C12F, B4A6DBAF, 354C372C, 2C6CA407, 0AC93693, 725C7716, B439DF25, 7C04626F, 67824F17, 21EE364D, 77D8D72F, 4BF90371, 7BC3C716, 472A4204, B842AEFE, 38270462, 3B17B189, 22760085, 2A801D85, 8DE334B5, A72580F7, F187AA9B, 2E04DC0C, 8A701C0D, 471B61E6, 98F859D9, 9EBC2F45, 02544E96, C2785B15, 20623FAB, 8001F9B4, 0E438545, CFA2A2A5, 9DA35720, BAA84901, 908758C8, FCF5557F, F905B3B4, BE7DEBCD, FED08B1E, 7E9472CB, AC3A29C1, 5BED194F, B6932F25, 1C95E32D, 67E94371, D7CCB4CE, DF296D87, 6AAEF0F6, 8CFFF867, 093F9F79, FB280F6C, DE7735A8, 684C17B5, A0DA757E, 374EC162, 1764A62D, 82C244F6, 9E4583C7, 56F02388, 0018E400, 815A0F1E, FD80C932, 30EDD175, D37AF8D8, 7C8E4633, 7D8E4E5D, 660A7F79, 4C2C08BD, B6656A5B, CCFD6607, B0AA17FA, 060EE305, DEE9752F, B38BE439, F04EB964, D4E6C330, DCD4F7AB, DF7D83BF, 309047C6, 51FFC819, 9E59C7D6, 46821973, 01B47792, F800809B, 6050BB64, C13CB495, A305F788, 7AD27279, B7F9151F, 9F154C4F, D3F688F1, FF830866, A9C059A3, FFBF160E, EA8D827A, 1F1DA6E8, FDC52EFC, 5325CE11, 765B86EB, A852DC5C, 74ADAF62, 45BFACA5, 8E1FF6C3, 83ADCF0A, 91D6626E, 316008CC, 0DAD4110, C28EA37D, 5F077B03, AF70C5E3, 13A7C50C, 0A737B9D, E236FCBB, DDADB0C5, F4CAA3C8, 73679470, 87AE2E8E, EAA6ADA4, F30CCA79, 2B2FED65, 9B55A25D, 7317A6DB, D505929C, 0F90C693, 5CED397C, C1CB0AB9, C81895F1, 828D68BF, C2D0D855, 70585D86, 1ACD41B1, D8227B76, 1CB6DD69, B71EF185, 3EB11656, 6674378A, BA543682, 895A464E, B9E6CC48, FDAB6657, AB815F3B, A717AF55, 5826ABAB, 7CAF7DA1, 33EB26C0, 9367A48F, 32334888, 6BD35F76, 21F56A13, B7E72B51, 2B110FC2, A7A6ED6F, 1B2E72D1, 855EC1F3, A320F92E, 05609603, 5AA26082, 937BB417, F7A082EF, 370690A8, 074B4C00, EFB2EF14, A449B9F8, 9AA7E8A8, 3AEC4108, E5DDDB2A, C2CC4D30, 8589EB3D, 030ED83E, 4230E9B3, 619B03C0, E2B2BB64, 839A7C40, 2527B162, D03987D6, F8D66424, B950968F, F41E4D21, 9BAEEC89, DB8C65CD, D19F0371, 42507672, F133D6DC, 8FF10301, 6267E094, 339A1D5D, 3DD9DDE3, 139AA839, 440F8A94, 5E10CEAF, 60A1BA78, 02576968, 9AE7D81E, B9BF647E, F1698EC1, 5EC4890B, 88CF1A87, 9F3442AD, 4ED7DB9A, 08BD20C4, DA4B2F8E, 7EE018A9, 41968817, 519BE32C, 26CC3EFD, 1C3CBCBB, 551FC090, D06676D9, 02BF4E3F, 5B331917, AA121020, 840B84DD, 1C04DB26, 42DC049A, 58E92781, 95DA8984, CEDFF185, 149A43E5, 9B4CAAE7, 9E61CFFC, C33F9485, 2ABFE975, 75F8E915, 167D7A60, 1086ABF9, FE0B87DC, 095EFA20, 79FC720C, 99DB743E, 8F4B2F19, 00A9188A, B5DE7C2D, DAF3734B, CCAD1F47, 0C9DB549, 0158D55C, BCD5F151, 72A210D9, ABB80C09, 99934B39, F92DF281, A35193BD, C3CB4E8B, 322DBEE4, 26E2E30D, 36F25EDD, F1C8C5DC, 44B5C836, 878075ED, 1140849C, DEBA2848, 6B8D4AD7, 0209883A, AEFFDC8B, F7862944, F2CAE4AB, 77A1EB21, C77D6350, 4749AA23, 1ECDFD3C, 55D6943C, FC9B102A, 80363E80, C28E5369, 7E4BDC16, 8DDD321E, 46E4B844, 71169596, 6EC788CA, 508E25D4, A3249379, C5493848, 67ECFFDB, F6B03518, D4FE2A7D, D6C8D739, 7A93EC17, 84E2A797, 08CB6F22, D09D5BFF, 7FF783FD, 749A4AA7, 9EE69739, 01BB87ED, CDB15087, 32FE625F, 3C8E72C6, 2386A26E, 0F243847, F9E50890, D10F1EC5, 6E1C032D, CE27B59B, 84F2447B, 62AFD23B, 2361B77C, 1532E2F5, BC65F691, D8106771, BC9F8553, 94B67790, CE7F4B32, E36DAA85, D42336C1, 414ABF42, F5D5E7FA, B17620A4, D42A5D6C, E1118425, 17C4B3F2, EBDCB06E, 1F8F7F65, 0AD89423, 32848E5D, 0A5028D0, 463B71B1, E896017F, C1DA750C, DB89FC54, AF665A17, 11F5A446, 45F2DD58, 9C66340A, F4DB1D19, 87AFFD89, 75CA495D, DE608110, 78EC9F5C, 7840FE7C, 6F4DA231, 1CF2E830, CD521794, CE4F5EBA, 79B79437, 5A91D18E, 95F1D139, D9CA1102, E3822EB3, F7C52D20, F917AEEE, 5EDCD7BF, 4BD3725C, 94EE3441, 713CF5DF, 937E1AA9, 08926562, 084E8DD4, 41100547, 1C706FF6, 2ED60298, 0D2E30BA, 82FECB1F, 831BCCE8, 0CB829DB, 0C522998, E0AD92F6, F8969EA4, 386650CD, CA41F763, 7BB34065, D79B9F81, 967FBB17, 7C2F61B2, 7B4E9B33, 8359EDDA, 3201D25E, 5F41BAA6, D94A1FD8, 6E29F112, EDB7885C, C4F4380D, DAD428C7, 40609A88, 66DF9A6C, D61B84E4, C4C77436, D6F4B201, 1C0AD2D4, 3A69D216, 1DD70F43, C887E79C, 8579D94E, F2D069EA, 17B4926F, 55BE153C, A783F442, C03D53D2, 5ED56627, C114DB61, 9B0BFD2C, 825DDE34, 97523F35, EE476E00, EB2ED50C, 567BB078, 9B70520D, DC96668B, FCFD7253, 0197E3F8, 7785825E, 0B00322C, B510F809, 51FB92EE, B6F7D331, 2DE0AC32, 00B41A7B, A432B1FE, 94ED9578, 4B56F086, F8BEADE1, 8C899DF2, EAB17808, 240BF736, 7CBA75E0, E06E352C, 3BBD94E5, 427CB86A, 31CB345E, C1226EE3, F9F4697B, 8820CBB6, C3F9BB4C, 509D403F, 03990E8E, 6C5CCD8B, 24F235C0, C5FC6E59, 05E627C9, 4B0C0C96, 45A35E8E, BBF14335, 89B957A1, 3E272204, EC501927, 00ADCBC3, 13DC9199, A682B338, BE42D97C, F97E0F28, 8C1A6128, 76ED6951, D7D8B74F, 80A6C9D2, 87111413, 48268EB5, 69DDA6F7, 8900B2E1, DBF809E0, D50D7B42, 9716581E, A7AE9B6E, 52366624, 85BAF9A3, DE28F70A, 890E37EC, 7F82541D, 9BA2C144, 8766E737, EA8B0E73, 6BC46E1A, 04A2D3E8, F01716BB, 3D0F7338, 93282BAA, 3A9E51C0, 7B26AFBD, FA2B6A90, 36DD5832, 18161A71, FDE783A2, FF84185B, C251868E, 957CA33D, 6D2BD402, F7E61B15, BAAD0068, 8413463A, 63F0F132, 55FBBC6A, 58E3298D, 845AA664, 02D242A7, A456CEED, 2C198D04, 89A25422, 3A4CABFB, 9D24D792, DFBB850F, 76E30332, 58B59723, 1B1A6913, 9FB961E8, B363CA07, 9CC01B66, 00E9E1DF, 9AF48078, F67167D2, 5D8EBE54, F0819D2D, A003D04B, BD20E32A, 7647BD73, DE509593, E381BF67, BB5D56E0, 675636A1, 983C7C47, C7D92CF8, 335F0477, A6EE6787, F2A67D0E, 29D7F83A, 3DA85C1F, 8E31E016, 5FBEB7EA, 01F017A9, 021B93ED, 8E2AE731, 3391B82D, 6AFEC318, C1E9610D, B50DE358, 46E16C1F, D7A03E8A, 74E52044, 4797BCBC, 49FC24BC, 119F71CB, 51ADB9AC, 1F7A8641, 373911A6, 79424584, 2D69A297, 32859E0B, FF812B02, 2060307E, 6AD9173E, AFCB84DA, 4F5B70D0, 34A63D93, 6DBD6388, BBD76CFA, 94EE5483, 20214C3F, E45B9B77, 8B3192D9, 109D8CE6, 8EBA320B, 53FA8CE2, 56A4A45A, 61AB8FDB, 3ABFD0EB, F92E5F91, 3CBA25FE, C2E19318, 2E5DC1D6, 751C25DB, 572BBA47, DF53AB19, 407F623F, EB9E4EE6, C98E9BFD, DA77A48F, 79D4B4D2, E4320563, 2C1C4BA4, CDCCD4A9, 5B74662F, 3B74B8C1, B1792883, 88D53BDA, FDFAB951, D2D3F844, 199D47E1, 7500E432, B0C714BD, EC5CCDCB, EC949808, 9B39D67F, 15D138B8, 17FE54A4, AD28C768, FE473BF7, AE29CB10, C987A478, EE50D094, 10ED5447, E2BF7CCF, BDD93708, D57E6C1B, 01079D4B, 6C6C547F, 363A37F3, 6D4D828A, EE1622DE, AF1D8240, B068E4C1, 9C5901F8, 17822119, 3C7837B0, DEFFD993, 28FA9C3A, EAADDC4E, 05705400, 0046CB17, E843346D, 2F33C418, AF1A47BD, E4C12B9E, BC3F9B15, 01E90C74, DE0C8A00, 5D52587A] -> MT
Odpowiedzi:
Galaretka , 23 bajty
Pobiera tablicę liczb całkowitych; zwraca [0, 1] dla LCG , [1, 0] dla Xorshift i [0, 0] dla MT .
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tło
Najbardziej losową rzeczą w LCG jest to, że jest uważana za PRNG. Na początek, dolne k bitów stanu nie są dotknięte przez wyższe 32 - k bitów, co czyni go wyjątkowo złym wyborem dla większości zastosowań. W szczególności na LSB stanu zaktualizowanego wpływa tylko LSB poprzedniego, a ponieważ zarówno 1103515245, jak i 12345 są nieparzyste, wygenerowane liczby będą miały wzór parzysty-nieparzysty-parzysty-nieparzysty.
Wady Xorshift są bardziej subtelne, ale generowane bity nadal są zgodne z prostymi równaniami liniowymi. Biorąc pod uwagę pięć kolejnych generowanych słów w k , w k + 1 , w k + 2 , w k + 3 , w k + 4 , (równanie nieliniowe)
w k + 4 = w k + 3 ⊕ w k + 3 > > 19 ⊕ w k ⊕ w k ≪ 11 ⊕ (w k ⊕ w k ≪ 11) ≫ 8 jest z definicji. Jeśli policzymy bity słów ( 0 oznacza najniższą, 31 najwyższą), możemy zauważyć, że równanie (liniowe) w k, 20⊕ W k, 31 ⊕w k + 3,31 ⊕ w k + 4,31 = 0 trzyma. Aby to sprawdzić, wystarczy zauważyć, że słowa, które zostały przesunięte w prawo nie może wpłynąć w k + 4,31 , najbardziej znaczący bit wag k +4 .
To pozostawia Mersenne Twister. Chociaż istnieją lepsze (szybsze, mniej stronnicze lub oba) PRNG, identyfikacja danych generowanych przez MT19937 jest o wiele bardziej skomplikowana niż w przypadku LCG i Xorshift. Na szczęście nie musimy. Jeśli dane nie pasują do żadnego z dwóch poprzednich wzorców, zostały wygenerowane przez Mersenne Twister.
Jak to działa
źródło
^Ḋṫ4^^Dlaczego widzę tu zbyt wiele powtórzeń? Czuję coś, ale nie jestem pewien, czy istnieje krótsza droga niż XOR [...] XOR XOR.