Java nie ma „prawdziwych” wielowymiarowych tablic.
Na przykład arr[i][j][k]
jest równoważne z ((arr[i])[j])[k]
. Innymi słowy, arr
jest po prostu tablicą, tablicami, tablicami .
Więc jeśli wiesz, jak działają tablice, wiesz, jak działają tablice wielowymiarowe!
Deklaracja:
int[][][] threeDimArr = new int[4][5][6];
or, with initialization:
int[][][] threeDimArr = { { { 1, 2 }, { 3, 4 } }, { { 5, 6 }, { 7, 8 } } };
Access:
int x = threeDimArr[1][0][1];
or
int[][] row = threeDimArr[1];
String representation:
Arrays.deepToString(threeDimArr);
yields
"[[[1, 2], [3, 4]], [[5, 6], [7, 8]]]"
Useful articles
int[i][j][k]
has lengthi
, so really it's equivalent to an((int[k])[j])[i]
. The sizes in the declaration are written backwards with respect to the types, I suppose to make multidimensional arrays more closely resemble matrices in mathematics.You can also use the following construct:
String[][] myStringArray = new String [][] { { "X0", "Y0"}, { "X1", "Y1"}, { "X2", "Y2"}, { "X3", "Y3"}, { "X4", "Y4"} };
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You can declare multi dimensional arrays like :
// 4 x 5 String arrays, all Strings are null // [0] -> [null,null,null,null,null] // [1] -> [null,null,null,null,null] // [2] -> [null,null,null,null,null] // [3] -> [null,null,null,null,null] String[][] sa1 = new String[4][5]; for(int i = 0; i < sa1.length; i++) { // sa1.length == 4 for (int j = 0; j < sa1[i].length; j++) { //sa1[i].length == 5 sa1[i][j] = "new String value"; } } // 5 x 0 All String arrays are null // [null] // [null] // [null] // [null] // [null] String[][] sa2 = new String[5][]; for(int i = 0; i < sa2.length; i++) { String[] anon = new String[ /* your number here */]; // or String[] anon = new String[]{"I'm", "a", "new", "array"}; sa2[i] = anon; } // [0] -> ["I'm","in","the", "0th", "array"] // [1] -> ["I'm", "in", "another"] String[][] sa3 = new String[][]{ {"I'm","in","the", "0th", "array"},{"I'm", "in", "another"}};
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Multidimensional Array in Java
Returning a multidimensional array
Java does not truely support multidimensional arrays. In Java, a two-dimensional array is simply an array of arrays, a three-dimensional array is an array of arrays of arrays, a four-dimensional array is an array of arrays of arrays of arrays, and so on...
We can define a two-dimensional array as:
int[ ] num[ ] = {{1,2}, {1,2}, {1,2}, {1,2}}
int[ ][ ] num = new int[4][2]
num[0][0] = 1; num[0][1] = 2; num[1][0] = 1; num[1][1] = 2; num[2][0] = 1; num[2][1] = 2; num[3][0] = 1; num[3][1] = 2;
If you don't allocate, let's say
num[2][1]
, it is not initialized and then it is automatically allocated 0, that is, automaticallynum[2][1] = 0
;Below,
num1.length
gives you rows.While
num1[0].length
gives you the number of elements related tonum1[0]
. Herenum1[0]
has related arraysnum1[0][0]
andnum[0][1]
only.Here we used a
for
loop which helps us to calculatenum1[i].length
. Herei
is incremented through a loop.class array { static int[][] add(int[][] num1,int[][] num2) { int[][] temp = new int[num1.length][num1[0].length]; for(int i = 0; i<temp.length; i++) { for(int j = 0; j<temp[i].length; j++) { temp[i][j] = num1[i][j]+num2[i][j]; } } return temp; } public static void main(String args[]) { /* We can define a two-dimensional array as 1. int[] num[] = {{1,2},{1,2},{1,2},{1,2}} 2. int[][] num = new int[4][2] num[0][0] = 1; num[0][1] = 2; num[1][0] = 1; num[1][1] = 2; num[2][0] = 1; num[2][1] = 2; num[3][0] = 1; num[3][1] = 2; If you don't allocate let's say num[2][1] is not initialized, and then it is automatically allocated 0, that is, automatically num[2][1] = 0; 3. Below num1.length gives you rows 4. While num1[0].length gives you number of elements related to num1[0]. Here num1[0] has related arrays num1[0][0] and num[0][1] only. 5. Here we used a 'for' loop which helps us to calculate num1[i].length, and here i is incremented through a loop. */ int num1[][] = {{1,2},{1,2},{1,2},{1,2}}; int num2[][] = {{1,2},{1,2},{1,2},{1,2}}; int num3[][] = add(num1,num2); for(int i = 0; i<num1.length; i++) { for(int j = 0; j<num1[j].length; j++) System.out.println("num3[" + i + "][" + j + "]=" + num3[i][j]); } } }
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I'll add that if you want to read the dimensions, you can do this:
int[][][] a = new int[4][3][2]; System.out.println(a.length); // 4 System.out.println(a[0].length); // 3 System.out.println(a[0][0].length); //2
You can also have jagged arrays, where different rows have different lengths, so
a[0].length != a[1].length
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int[][] myNums = { {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}, {5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11} }; for (int x = 0; x < myNums.length; ++x) { for(int y = 0; y < myNums[i].length; ++y) { System.out.print(myNums[x][y]); } }
Output
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
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You can look at this to start off:
int [][][] i = { //third dimension curly brace { // second dimension curly brace { //first dimension curly brace 1,1,1 //elements }, {3,3,3}, {2,2,2} }, { { 1,1,1 }, {3,3,3}, {2,2,2} } };
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