Sieci autokoderów wydają się znacznie trudniejsze niż normalne sieci MLP klasyfikujące. Po kilku próbach użycia Lasagne wszystko, co otrzymuję w zrekonstruowanym wyjściu, jest w najlepszym razie rozmyte uśrednianie wszystkich obrazów bazy danych MNIST, bez rozróżnienia na to, co faktycznie jest cyfrą wejściową.
Wybrana przeze mnie struktura sieci to następujące warstwy kaskadowe:
- warstwa wejściowa (28x28)
- Warstwa splotowa 2D, rozmiar filtra 7x7
- Max warstwa Pooling, rozmiar 3x3, krok 2x2
- Gęsta (w pełni połączona) warstwa spłaszczająca, 10 jednostek (to jest wąskie gardło)
- Gęsta (w pełni połączona) warstwa, 121 jednostek
- Przekształcanie warstwy na 11x11
- Warstwa splotowa 2D, rozmiar filtra 3x3
- Współczynnik warstwy 2 skalowania w górę 2
- Warstwa splotowa 2D, rozmiar filtra 3x3
- Współczynnik warstwy 2 skalowania w górę 2
- Warstwa splotowa 2D, rozmiar filtra 5x5
- Uwzględnij maksymalną pulę (od 31 x 28 x 28 do 28 x 28)
Wszystkie dwuwymiarowe warstwy splotowe mają odwiązane uprzedzenia, aktywacje sigmoidalne i 31 filtrów.
Wszystkie w pełni połączone warstwy mają aktywacje sigmoidalne.
Zastosowana funkcja straty to błąd kwadratu , funkcja aktualizacji to adagrad
. Długość fragmentu do nauki wynosi 100 próbek, pomnożonych przez 1000 epok.
Poniżej przedstawiono ilustrację problemu: górny rząd to niektóre próbki ustawione jako wejścia sieci, dolny rząd to rekonstrukcja:
Dla kompletności, użyłem następującego kodu:
import theano.tensor as T
import theano
import sys
sys.path.insert(0,'./Lasagne') # local checkout of Lasagne
import lasagne
from theano import pp
from theano import function
import gzip
import numpy as np
from sklearn.preprocessing import OneHotEncoder
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
def load_mnist():
def load_mnist_images(filename):
with gzip.open(filename, 'rb') as f:
data = np.frombuffer(f.read(), np.uint8, offset=16)
# The inputs are vectors now, we reshape them to monochrome 2D images,
# following the shape convention: (examples, channels, rows, columns)
data = data.reshape(-1, 1, 28, 28)
# The inputs come as bytes, we convert them to float32 in range [0,1].
# (Actually to range [0, 255/256], for compatibility to the version
# provided at http://deeplearning.net/data/mnist/mnist.pkl.gz.)
return data / np.float32(256)
def load_mnist_labels(filename):
# Read the labels in Yann LeCun's binary format.
with gzip.open(filename, 'rb') as f:
data = np.frombuffer(f.read(), np.uint8, offset=8)
# The labels are vectors of integers now, that's exactly what we want.
return data
X_train = load_mnist_images('train-images-idx3-ubyte.gz')
y_train = load_mnist_labels('train-labels-idx1-ubyte.gz')
X_test = load_mnist_images('t10k-images-idx3-ubyte.gz')
y_test = load_mnist_labels('t10k-labels-idx1-ubyte.gz')
return X_train, y_train, X_test, y_test
def plot_filters(conv_layer):
W = conv_layer.get_params()[0]
W_fn = theano.function([],W)
params = W_fn()
ks = np.squeeze(params)
kstack = np.vstack(ks)
plt.imshow(kstack,interpolation='none')
plt.show()
def main():
#theano.config.exception_verbosity="high"
#theano.config.optimizer='None'
X_train, y_train, X_test, y_test = load_mnist()
ohe = OneHotEncoder()
y_train = ohe.fit_transform(np.expand_dims(y_train,1)).toarray()
chunk_len = 100
visamount = 10
num_epochs = 1000
num_filters=31
dropout_p=.0
print "X_train.shape",X_train.shape,"y_train.shape",y_train.shape
input_var = T.tensor4('X')
output_var = T.tensor4('X')
conv_nonlinearity = lasagne.nonlinearities.sigmoid
net = lasagne.layers.InputLayer((chunk_len,1,28,28), input_var)
conv1 = net = lasagne.layers.Conv2DLayer(net,num_filters,(7,7),nonlinearity=conv_nonlinearity,untie_biases=True)
net = lasagne.layers.MaxPool2DLayer(net,(3,3),stride=(2,2))
net = lasagne.layers.DropoutLayer(net,p=dropout_p)
#conv2_layer = lasagne.layers.Conv2DLayer(dropout_layer,num_filters,(3,3),nonlinearity=conv_nonlinearity)
#pool2_layer = lasagne.layers.MaxPool2DLayer(conv2_layer,(3,3),stride=(2,2))
net = lasagne.layers.DenseLayer(net,10,nonlinearity=lasagne.nonlinearities.sigmoid)
#augment_layer1 = lasagne.layers.DenseLayer(reduction_layer,33,nonlinearity=lasagne.nonlinearities.sigmoid)
net = lasagne.layers.DenseLayer(net,121,nonlinearity=lasagne.nonlinearities.sigmoid)
net = lasagne.layers.ReshapeLayer(net,(chunk_len,1,11,11))
net = lasagne.layers.Conv2DLayer(net,num_filters,(3,3),nonlinearity=conv_nonlinearity,untie_biases=True)
net = lasagne.layers.Upscale2DLayer(net,2)
net = lasagne.layers.Conv2DLayer(net,num_filters,(3,3),nonlinearity=conv_nonlinearity,untie_biases=True)
#pool_after0 = lasagne.layers.MaxPool2DLayer(conv_after1,(3,3),stride=(2,2))
net = lasagne.layers.Upscale2DLayer(net,2)
net = lasagne.layers.DropoutLayer(net,p=dropout_p)
#conv_after2 = lasagne.layers.Conv2DLayer(upscale_layer1,num_filters,(3,3),nonlinearity=conv_nonlinearity,untie_biases=True)
#pool_after1 = lasagne.layers.MaxPool2DLayer(conv_after2,(3,3),stride=(1,1))
#upscale_layer2 = lasagne.layers.Upscale2DLayer(pool_after1,4)
net = lasagne.layers.Conv2DLayer(net,num_filters,(5,5),nonlinearity=conv_nonlinearity,untie_biases=True)
net = lasagne.layers.FeaturePoolLayer(net,num_filters,pool_function=theano.tensor.max)
print "output_shape:",lasagne.layers.get_output_shape(net)
params = lasagne.layers.get_all_params(net, trainable=True)
prediction = lasagne.layers.get_output(net)
loss = lasagne.objectives.squared_error(prediction, output_var)
#loss = lasagne.objectives.binary_crossentropy(prediction, output_var)
aggregated_loss = lasagne.objectives.aggregate(loss)
updates = lasagne.updates.adagrad(aggregated_loss,params)
train_fn = theano.function([input_var, output_var], loss, updates=updates)
test_prediction = lasagne.layers.get_output(net, deterministic=True)
predict_fn = theano.function([input_var], test_prediction)
print "starting training..."
for epoch in range(num_epochs):
selected = list(set(np.random.random_integers(0,59999,chunk_len*4)))[:chunk_len]
X_train_sub = X_train[selected,:]
_loss = train_fn(X_train_sub, X_train_sub)
print("Epoch %d: Loss %g" % (epoch + 1, np.sum(_loss) / len(X_train)))
"""
chunk = X_train[0:chunk_len,:,:,:]
result = predict_fn(chunk)
vis1 = np.hstack([chunk[j,0,:,:] for j in range(visamount)])
vis2 = np.hstack([result[j,0,:,:] for j in range(visamount)])
plt.imshow(np.vstack([vis1,vis2]))
plt.show()
"""
print "done."
chunk = X_train[0:chunk_len,:,:,:]
result = predict_fn(chunk)
print "chunk.shape",chunk.shape
print "result.shape",result.shape
plot_filters(conv1)
for i in range(chunk_len/visamount):
vis1 = np.hstack([chunk[i*visamount+j,0,:,:] for j in range(visamount)])
vis2 = np.hstack([result[i*visamount+j,0,:,:] for j in range(visamount)])
plt.imshow(np.vstack([vis1,vis2]))
plt.show()
import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
Jakieś pomysły na ulepszenie tej sieci, aby uzyskać racjonalnie działający autoencoder?
Problem rozwiązany!
Z implementacją, która jest zupełnie inna, używając nieszczelnego prostownika zamiast funkcji sigmoidalnej w warstwach splotowych, tylko 2 (!!) węzły w warstwie wąskiego gardła i splot z jądrem 1x1 na samym końcu.
Oto wynik niektórych przebudów:
Kod:
import theano.tensor as T
import theano
import sys
sys.path.insert(0,'./Lasagne') # local checkout of Lasagne
import lasagne
from theano import pp
from theano import function
import theano.tensor.nnet
import gzip
import numpy as np
from sklearn.preprocessing import OneHotEncoder
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
def load_mnist():
def load_mnist_images(filename):
with gzip.open(filename, 'rb') as f:
data = np.frombuffer(f.read(), np.uint8, offset=16)
# The inputs are vectors now, we reshape them to monochrome 2D images,
# following the shape convention: (examples, channels, rows, columns)
data = data.reshape(-1, 1, 28, 28)
# The inputs come as bytes, we convert them to float32 in range [0,1].
# (Actually to range [0, 255/256], for compatibility to the version
# provided at http://deeplearning.net/data/mnist/mnist.pkl.gz.)
return data / np.float32(256)
def load_mnist_labels(filename):
# Read the labels in Yann LeCun's binary format.
with gzip.open(filename, 'rb') as f:
data = np.frombuffer(f.read(), np.uint8, offset=8)
# The labels are vectors of integers now, that's exactly what we want.
return data
X_train = load_mnist_images('train-images-idx3-ubyte.gz')
y_train = load_mnist_labels('train-labels-idx1-ubyte.gz')
X_test = load_mnist_images('t10k-images-idx3-ubyte.gz')
y_test = load_mnist_labels('t10k-labels-idx1-ubyte.gz')
return X_train, y_train, X_test, y_test
def main():
X_train, y_train, X_test, y_test = load_mnist()
ohe = OneHotEncoder()
y_train = ohe.fit_transform(np.expand_dims(y_train,1)).toarray()
chunk_len = 100
num_epochs = 10000
num_filters=7
input_var = T.tensor4('X')
output_var = T.tensor4('X')
#conv_nonlinearity = lasagne.nonlinearities.sigmoid
#conv_nonlinearity = lasagne.nonlinearities.rectify
conv_nonlinearity = lasagne.nonlinearities.LeakyRectify(.1)
softplus = theano.tensor.nnet.softplus
#conv_nonlinearity = theano.tensor.nnet.softplus
net = lasagne.layers.InputLayer((chunk_len,1,28,28), input_var)
conv1 = net = lasagne.layers.Conv2DLayer(net,num_filters,(7,7),nonlinearity=conv_nonlinearity,untie_biases=True)
net = lasagne.layers.MaxPool2DLayer(net,(3,3),stride=(2,2))
net = lasagne.layers.DenseLayer(net,2,nonlinearity=lasagne.nonlinearities.sigmoid)
net = lasagne.layers.DenseLayer(net,49,nonlinearity=lasagne.nonlinearities.sigmoid)
net = lasagne.layers.ReshapeLayer(net,(chunk_len,1,7,7))
net = lasagne.layers.Conv2DLayer(net,num_filters,(3,3),nonlinearity=conv_nonlinearity,untie_biases=True)
net = lasagne.layers.MaxPool2DLayer(net,(3,3),stride=(1,1))
net = lasagne.layers.Upscale2DLayer(net,4)
net = lasagne.layers.Conv2DLayer(net,num_filters,(3,3),nonlinearity=conv_nonlinearity,untie_biases=True)
net = lasagne.layers.MaxPool2DLayer(net,(3,3),stride=(1,1))
net = lasagne.layers.Upscale2DLayer(net,4)
net = lasagne.layers.Conv2DLayer(net,num_filters,(5,5),nonlinearity=conv_nonlinearity,untie_biases=True)
net = lasagne.layers.Conv2DLayer(net,num_filters,(1,1),nonlinearity=conv_nonlinearity,untie_biases=True)
net = lasagne.layers.FeaturePoolLayer(net,num_filters,pool_function=theano.tensor.max)
net = lasagne.layers.Conv2DLayer(net,1,(1,1),nonlinearity=conv_nonlinearity,untie_biases=True)
print "output shape:",net.output_shape
params = lasagne.layers.get_all_params(net, trainable=True)
prediction = lasagne.layers.get_output(net)
loss = lasagne.objectives.squared_error(prediction, output_var)
#loss = lasagne.objectives.binary_hinge_loss(prediction, output_var)
aggregated_loss = lasagne.objectives.aggregate(loss)
#updates = lasagne.updates.adagrad(aggregated_loss,params)
updates = lasagne.updates.nesterov_momentum(aggregated_loss,params,0.5)#.005
train_fn = theano.function([input_var, output_var], loss, updates=updates)
test_prediction = lasagne.layers.get_output(net, deterministic=True)
predict_fn = theano.function([input_var], test_prediction)
print "starting training..."
for epoch in range(num_epochs):
selected = list(set(np.random.random_integers(0,59999,chunk_len*4)))[:chunk_len]
X_train_sub = X_train[selected,:]
_loss = train_fn(X_train_sub, X_train_sub)
print("Epoch %d: Loss %g" % (epoch + 1, np.sum(_loss) / len(X_train)))
print "done."
chunk = X_train[0:chunk_len,:,:,:]
result = predict_fn(chunk)
print "chunk.shape",chunk.shape
print "result.shape",result.shape
visamount = 10
for i in range(10):
vis1 = np.hstack([chunk[i*visamount+j,0,:,:] for j in range(visamount)])
vis2 = np.hstack([result[i*visamount+j,0,:,:] for j in range(visamount)])
plt.imshow(np.vstack([vis1,vis2]))
plt.show()
import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
źródło